TERMS & NAMES
For each term or name below, write a sentence explaining its
historical significance or contribution to the New Deal.
1. Franklin Delano Roosevelt 6. Mary McCloud Bethune
2. New Deal 7. Congress of Industrial
3. Eleanor Roosevelt Organizations (CIO)
4. Works Progress 8. Orson Welles
Administration (WPA)
9. Richard Wright
5. Social Security Act 10. Tennessee Valley Authority
MAIN IDEAS
Use your notes and the information in the chapter to answer
the following questions.
A New Deal Fights the Depression (pages 694–700)
1. How did Franklin Roosevelt change the role of the federal
government during his first Hundred Days?
2. Summarize the reasons why some people opposed the New
Deal.
The Second New Deal Takes Hold (pages 701–707)
3. In what ways did the New Deal programs extend federal aid?
4. How did the Wagner Act help working people?
The New Deal Affects Many Groups (pages 710–715)
5. Summarize the impact the New Deal had on various ethnic
groups.
6. Why did many urban voters support Roosevelt and the
Democratic party?
Culture in the 1930s (pages 716–720)
7. What purpose did movies and radio serve during the Great
Depression?
8. Explain how the New Deal programs supported artists and
writers in the 1930s.
The Impact of the New Deal (pages 721–725)
9. List five New Deal agencies that are still in place today.
10. What benefits did the Tennessee Valley Authority provide?
What negative impact did it have?
THINKING CRITICALLY
1.
USING YOUR NOTES Copy the web below and fill it in with
actions that Americans took to end the economic crisis of the
1930s.
2. DEVELOPING HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE What federal pro-
grams instituted in the 1930s and later discontinued might be
of use to the nation today? Explain and support your opinion
in a paragraph or two.
CHAPTER ASSESSMENT
American Actions to
End Economic Crisis
728 CHAPTER 23
T
HE
N
EW
D
EAL
Industries and farms failed.
U.S. stock market crashed and banks
closed.
Bankrupt businesses
Unemployment
Homelessness
PROBLEMS
SOLUTIONS
Banking and finance are reformed.
Government takes a more active role in
the economy.
Workers benefit from labor standards.
Social Security system continues to
provide for the needy.
Conservation efforts continue to
preserve the environment.
VISUAL SUMMARY
CONTINUING EFFECTS
Work projects help the
unemployed.
Money given to farmers,
sharecroppers, and migrant
workers
New opportunities for
women and minorities
Social Security Act allocates
money to the elderly, the
unemployed, and the
disabled.
NLRB protects workers’ rights.
SEC monitors stock market.
FDIC protects individuals’
deposits in banks.
Fireside chats increase
public confidence.
(TVA)
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The New Deal 729
ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT
1. Recall your discussion of
the question on page 693:
How would you begin to revive the
economy?
Now that you have read the chapter, do you
think President Roosevelt adequately addressed
the needs of the ailing economy? Do you think
his New Deal policies extended far enough to
restore public confidence? Support your opinions
with examples.
2. LEARNING FROM MEDIA View the
American Stories video “A Song for
His People.” Discuss the following questions in a
group. Then do the activity.
• Why were thousands of Mexican Americans sent
back to Mexico in the 1930s?
• Why did Pedro J. González become a hero to
many Mexican Americans?
Cooperative Learning Activity Write and present a
short broadcast, such as González might have
given, in which you comment on the New Deal’s
effects on immigrants and minorities.
INTERACT
INTERACT
WITH HISTORY
WITH HISTORY
ITEST PRACTICE
CLASSZONE.COM
Supreme Court
strikes down NIRA;
Congress passes
NLRA
Congress passes
AAA, NIRA
Congress passes
second AAA
FDR proposes court
reform bill;
Congress rejects
court reform bill
Supreme Court
strikes down AAA
Use the information on the time line and your knowl-
edge of U.S. history to answer question 1.
1. The Supreme Court killed several New Deal pro-
grams by declaring them unconstitutional. Which
of the following resulted from those decisions?
A FDR packed the Court with New Deal supporters.
B Congress created replacement programs.
C The New Deal lost popular support.
D The power of the federal government was
expanded.
2. What was the purpose of the Glass-Steagall Act?
F to combat unemployment
G to provide home mortgage loans
H to assist farmers
J to regulate the banking system
Use the quotation and your knowledge of United
States history to answer question 3.
“Little by little the American federation is
transforming itself into a union, marked by the
growth in importance of the role of the federal
capital. In the beginning, the United States had
only a small federal bureaucracy. Today the
central administration is powerful and rich.”
—André Maurois, This Was America
3. Author André Maurois traveled through the United
States in the 1930s and observed a growing unity
in the American people. How did the New Deal
help to bring Americans closer together?
A The New Deal involved the federal government
trying to fix a national problem.
B New Deal jobs and public works programs gave
people something to agree upon.
C President Roosevelt, who designed the New
Deal, was elected four times.
D The New Deal encouraged the spread of popu-
lar culture through radio and the movies.
1933
1935
1936
1937
1938
ADDITIONAL TEST PRACTICE, pages S1–S33.
Standardized Test Practice
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